Indicates the frequency range that a microphone can capture and is expressed in Hertz (Hz). The more balanced the range, the more natural and clear the sound.

Usage examples:

• 100 – 10,000 Hz to 200 – 12,000 Hz: Emphasis on speech intelligibility, with limited low and very high frequencies.
• 50 – 14,000 Hz to 80 – 16,000 Hz: Balance of volume and clarity. Ideal for live performances and dynamic microphones.
• 40 – 15,000 Hz to 50 – 18,000 Hz: Rich, natural vocal sound. Suitable for podcasts, radio, and streaming.
• 20 – 18,000 Hz to 20 – 20,000 Hz: Full spectrum with high detail and "air". Ideal for studio recording.
• Below 20 Hz & above 20,000 Hz: Extended technical range for specialized studio applications.

Indicates how "easily" the microphone transmits its signal to the equipment (mixer, sound card, amplifier). It is expressed in Ohms (Ω).

• Low impedance (≤ 600 Ω): Stable signal, less noise, ideal for professional equipment and long cable runs.
• Medium impedance (600 – 1,000 Ω): Good balance, common in live and general use.
• High impedance (> 1,000 Ω): More sensitive to loss and noise, usually found in older or specialized equipment.

Max SPL (Maximum Sound Pressure Level) is the maximum sound pressure level (in dB) that a microphone can withstand before it starts to distort the sound.

• High Max SPL (e.g., 140-160dB): Ideal for recording loud sources such as drums, amplified guitar, or live concerts.
• Lower Max SPL (e.g., 120dB): Suitable for vocals and softer recordings.

The higher the Max SPL, the louder the sounds it can capture without distortion.