The general teaching on productive reasoning, formulation and proof of its laws and the forms it can take. Aspects and properties of reasoning and corresponding reasoning methods.

Aristotle, son of the physician Nicomachus, was born in Stagira in 384 BC. Information about the early years of his life is scarce. At the age of seventeen, he went to Athens to study at the Platonic Academy. He remained there for twenty years, from 367 to 348 BC, when Plato died. Then Aristotle left for Assos in Troas and after a three-year stay there, he went to Lesbos and subsequently to Macedonia, where he took on the education of the royal child Alexander.

When his student ascended the throne, Aristotle settled in Athens and founded his school, the Lyceum. After the death of Alexander (323 BC), the philosopher's stay in Athens became difficult. He was forced to flee to Chalcis, his mother's homeland, where he died in 322.

A universal mind, Aristotle created a vast and valuable philosophical and scientific body of work. Epistemology, logic, theology, physics, biology, psychology, ethics, political philosophy, and aesthetics are the main fields of knowledge that he researched and studied.

The Alexandrian Hermippus counted the works of Aristotle at 400. To this day, lists have survived that include 143 titles of his works. Diogenes Laertius estimated the number of lines of Aristotelian writings at 440,000. The impact of his work on the formation of global thought was strong for centuries, and it remains so.

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