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Clear- Junior: A1 & A2 language proficiency levels (elementary knowledge).
- Senior: B1 & B2 language proficiency levels (basic knowledge).
- Lower: B2+ level of language proficiency. Preparation for the First Certificate.
- Advanced: C1 level of language proficiency. The intermediate stage between Lower and Proficiency.
- Proficiency: C1+ & C2 levels of language proficiency (excellent knowledge). Preparation for the Proficiency Certificate.
- Pre-Junior: The Pre-Junior level usually corresponds to Pre-A1 (or "Beginner"), which is the level before A1, where children begin to develop their first language skills.
- Flashcards: Cards with information on both sides. They aid in studying and memorizing words and phrases, enhancing visual learning. On one side, there is a word/phrase, and on the other, the translation or an example of the word used in a sentence.
- Past Papers: Past exam papers used for practice and student preparation.
- Reader: Stories or adaptations of well-known works in simplified form. They help students practice reading and enrich their vocabulary, while simultaneously introducing them to cultural elements of the language.
- Dialogues: They include dialogues that represent everyday situations, helping students practice the language. They enhance understanding and communication, allowing the application of the language in practice.
- Digital media: Material in CD/CD-ROM/DVD format that enhances learning in a more interactive way. It usually consists of audio files, videos, or exercises that help with practicing pronunciation, comprehension, and grammar.
- ECPE: Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English, known as "Proficiency" of Michigan – Corresponds to level C1/C2
- LRN: Learning Resource Network - Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1/C2
- ECCE: Examination for the Certificate of Competency in English, known as the "Lower" of Michigan – Corresponds to level B2
- State Certificate of Language Proficiency: Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1/C2
- CPE: Certificate of Proficiency in English, known as "Proficiency" by Cambridge – Corresponds to level C1/C2
- FCE: First Certificate in English, known as the Cambridge "Lower" certificate – Corresponds to level B1/B2
- NOCN: National Open College Network - Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1
- MSU: Michigan State University - Corresponds to level B2/C1
- PTE: Pearson Test of English - Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1/C2
- KET: Key English Test, also known as Cambridge A2 Key – Corresponds to level A1/A2
- CAE: Certificate in Advanced English, known as "Advanced" by Cambridge – Corresponds to level B2/C1
- PET: Preliminary English Test - Corresponds to level B1
- LanguageCert International ESOL: Corresponds to level A1/A2/B1/B2/C1/C2
- ESB: English Speaking Board - Corresponds to level B1/B2
- YLE: Young Learners English - Corresponds to level A1/A2
- Textbooks for Adults: Books aimed at adult learners for intensive language learning courses.
- IELTS: International English Language Testing System - Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1/C2
- GMAT: Graduate Management Admission Test - There is no correspondence in the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)
- ACT: American College Testing – There is no correspondence with the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)
- IB Diploma: International Baccalaureate Diploma - Corresponds to level C1/C2
- SAT: Scholastic Assessment Test - There is no correspondence to the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)
- TOEFL: Test of English as a Foreign Language - Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1
- GRE: Graduate Record Examinations - No equivalent in the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)
- TOEIC: Test of English for International Communication - Corresponds to level B1/B2
- BEC: Business English Certificates - Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1
- BULATS: Business Language Testing Service - Corresponds to level B1/B2/C1
Richard Parish, Jiang Liping